Girder Design of Overhead Crane

Overhead cranes are essential equipment in many industrial settings. They are used to lift and transport heavy loads, making work easier and more efficient. However, the design and construction of an overhead crane are critical to its performance and safety. One of the most important components of an overhead crane is the girder. Know the crane girders will help you protect and use your cranes well.

Crane girder deifinition and use

A girder, also call beam, is a horizontal beam that supports the weight of the crane and the load it carries. The girder is usually made of steel and can be either a single beam or a box-shaped structure. The girder is supported by columns or walls at either end.

Overhead cranes are essential equipment in various industries, and their structural design plays a crucial role in their efficiency and safety. One of the most critical components of an overhead crane is the main girder, which is responsible for carrying the load and transferring it to the end carriages.

Girders of overhead crane: the main girder is typically a horizontal beam that spans the width of the crane bay and supports the hoist and trolley. On the other hand, the end girder is located at each end of the main girder and supports the wheels that roll on the runway beams. The end girder also provides lateral stability to the crane and helps to distribute the load evenly across the main girder. Girder design and maintenance are crucial for the crane's safe and efficient operation.

Design types of crane girders

There are two types of girders used in overhead crane design: rolled steel girders and welded steel girders.
Rolled Steel Girders: Rolled steel girders are made by rolling steel plates into the required shape. They are commonly used in lighter-duty cranes and have a maximum span of around 100 feet. Rolled steel girders are available in standard sizes and can be easily assembled on-site.

Welded Steel Girders: Welded steel girders are made by welding steel plates together to form a box-shaped structure. They are used in heavier-duty cranes and have a maximum span of around 150 feet. Welded steel girders are custom-made to fit the specific requirements of the crane and are assembled on-site.

Girder Design Process

The girder design process involves several steps:

Determine Load Capacity

➢The load capacity of the crane is determined based on the maximum load it will carry. The girder must be able to support this weight without bending or breaking.

Calculate Span Length

➢The span length is calculated based on the distance between the supports on either end of the girder. The span length determines the size and strength of the girder.

Select Girder Type

➢The type of girder is selected based on the load capacity, span length, and operating environment of the crane.

Determine Girder Dimensions

➢The dimensions of the girder are determined based on the load capacity, span length, and girder type. The dimensions include the width, height, and thickness of the girder.

Verify Girder Strength

➢The strength of the girder is verified using computer simulations and testing. The girder must be able to support the load without bending or breaking.

The importance of overhead crane girder design

The girder design of an overhead crane is critical to its performance and safety. The girder must be able to support the weight of the crane and the maximum load it can carry without bending or breaking. The design process involves several steps, including determining load capacity, calculating span length, selecting girder type, determining girder dimensions, and verifying girder strength. By following these steps, a safe and efficient overhead crane can be designed and constructed. overhead crane

Girder crane types

Factors affecting overhead crane girder design

Several factors affect the design of the girder, including:

1. Load Capacity---the crane lifting capacity is the key of the size and strength of the girder. The girder must be able to support the weight of the crane and the maximum load it can carry.
2. Span Length---The span length is the distance between the supports on either end of the girder. The longer the span length, the larger and stronger the girder needs to be.
3. Operating Environment---The operating environment of the crane also affects the girder design. For example, if the crane is used in a corrosive environment, the girder must be made of corrosion-resistant materials.
4. Crane Type--The type of crane being used also affects the girder design. For example, a double-girder crane requires a stronger and larger girder than a single-girder crane.

The importance of overhead crane girder design

The girder design of an overhead crane is critical to its performance and safety. The girder must be able to support the weight of the crane and the maximum load it can carry without bending or breaking. The design process involves several steps, including determining load capacity, calculating span length, selecting girder type, determining girder dimensions, and verifying girder strength. By following these steps, a safe and efficient overhead crane can be designed and constructed. overhead crane